高考考试英语复习:单选题10个通用方法
1. 找准关键字语
有时题干中带有对解题起着重要用途的词汇,假如能飞速找准这部分词汇,再结合各选项的意义和特征,就能非常快选出正确答案。比如:
The Foreign Minister said, _______ our hope that the two sideswill work towards peace.
A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is
分析:在名词性从句中,that既无词义,也不作句子成分,连接一个句子成分完整的陈述句。依据句意和句子结构,尤其是that的暗示,可判断题干为一个含有主语从句的复合句,句首的it为形式主语,真的的主语为其后的that从句,故最好答案为D。
2. 剖析句子结构
有的考试题目的考试知识点本来十分容易,但命题者却通过用定语从句,或者将大家熟知的固定词组有意拆分,重新组合,使大家在结构上产生错觉,出现迷惑。这个时候,大家只须维持清醒的头脑,仔细剖析句子的结构,就会拨开迷雾。比如:
We keep in touch _____ writing often。
A. with B. of C. on D. by
分析:很多同学依据 keep in touch with这一搭配判断出此题应选A。但选A错了,由于套此搭配此句意思不通,正确答案应是D,by 表示方法,bywriting 意为通过写信,全句意为大家通过常常写信维持联系。请再看两例:
Weve talked a lot _____ cars. What about trains?
A. of B. with C. about D. in
分析:因为受 a lot of 这一常用结构的影响,很多同学毫不犹豫地选了A,但错了。缘由是:若选 of,a lot of cars即为动词 talk 的宾语,但事实上,动词 talk 是不及物动词。正确答案是C,句中的a lot是修饰动词 talked的状语,talk about才是一个动词短语。全句意为大家对汽车已谈了不少,目前谈谈火车如何?
We all regarded the poor old man ____sympathy。
A. as B. with C. of D. by
分析:很多同学一看到句中的 regard 和选项中的 as,立刻就联想到 regard ... as...这一搭配,从而判定此题应选A。错了,缘由是将此搭配套入原句,句子意思不通。正确答案是B,句意为大家大伙都非常同情这位老人。
3. 适合转换句式
有时将题干的句式转换成自己更熟知的句式,就比较容易选出正确答案。譬如将疑问句、强调句、感叹句或倒装句改为陈述句,将被动句改为主动句,无序句调整为正常句。比如:
-Mr. Wang, whom would you rather _____ the important meeting?
-Tom。
A. have attend B. have attended
C. having attend D. have to attend
分析:若将疑问句改为陈述句,就是I would rather have Tom attend the important meeting. 其中would rather后需要接动词原形,have sb. dosth。是要某人做某事。所以选A。
4. 补全省略成分
口语中常常会用一些省略句,做题时若将被省略的成分补充完整,答案就会一清二楚。比如:
-What do you think made Mary so upset?
- _____ her new bike。
A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing
分析:将答句补全,就是 _____ her new bike made Mary soupset,显然,只能选C,用动名词短语作主语。
5. 删除干扰部分
就是将起干扰用途的定语从句、介词短语或插入语,如I think / suppose / believe, do you think /suppose / believe, you know, of course等删除,从而更容易地选出正确答案。比如:
It is the ability to do the job _______matters not where you come from or what you are。
A. one B. that C. what D. it
分析:去掉题干中的not where you come from or what you are,题干即为是一个容易句:Theability to do the job matters. 把主语The ability放在强调结构中,即变为题干,显然最好答案为B。