2015年12月英语四级阅读答案分析
【阅读】
选词填空
第一篇For manyAmericans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold snap. LateNovember and December saw early snow and bone-chilling temperaturesin much of the country, part of a year whenfor the first time intwo decadesrecord-cold days will likely turn out to haveoutnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception:November was the warmest ever globally, and the provisional dataindicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth-hottest yearon record.
Enjoy thesnow now, because chances are good that 2014 will be evenhotterperhaps the hottest year since records have been kept.Thats because,scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an El Nio year.
El Nio,Spanish for the child, occurs when surface ocean waters in thesouthern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific,covering 30% of the planets surface, that the specific energygenerated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weatherchanges around the world. El Nio are associated with abnormallydry conditions in the Southeast Asia and Australia. They can leadto extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even assouthern Africa experiences dry weather. Marine life may beaffected too: El Nio the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich waterthat supports large fish populations, and the unusually warm oceantemperatures can destroy coral.
参考答案
36. N. saw 第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并依据Late November andDecember可以推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw.
37. F. decades 依据two，最佳选择复数名词，结合语义，for the first time in the two decades,二十年来头一次。
38. H.globally 句子为主系表结构，不缺主要成分，所以最佳选择副词和形容词，依据语义，ever表示一直以来地、向来地，11月向来是全球范围内最温暖的一个月。
39. D.chances 缺少主语，并且谓语是are，所以最佳选择复数形式的名词，结合前文Enjoythe snow now, 享受目前的雪吧，由于机会是好的。
40. J.occurs 空格前方有主语，且是单数形式，而后面由when引导的时间状语从句的时态是通常目前时，所以主句谓语锁定第三人称单数形式的动词，只能选择occurs.
41. A.specific空格左为定冠词the，空格右为名词，中间只能选形容词，选择特定的符合语义。
42. B. associated 空格左为be动词，右侧为介词with，中间只能是形容词或动词的过去分词形式，beassociated with表示与有联系，符合原意。
43. G.experiences 空格左为主语southern Africa，空格内应该为动词的第三人称单词形式，结合语义，选G，南非经历着干燥的天气。
44. M.reduce 空格左为情态动词，空格内需要为动词原形，填reduce降低符合原题。
45. K. populations 空格与左侧的large fish 一同构成动词support的宾语，只能选一个名词来作为名词词组，故选K，很多的鱼群。
仔细阅读
第一篇
Everybody sleepsso goes theSesame Street song meant for obstinately awakechildren. That may be true, but what people stay up late tocatchor wake up early in order not to missvaries byculture.
Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the startor end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day after President VladimirPutin shifted the country permanently to winter timestarting on October 26.
Russias other latenights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays.One such spike was on New Years Eve, which Russians tend to ringin with unusual fervor, as well as on World War II Victory Day.According to another Jawbonefinding,Russians have the worlds latest bedtime on December 31, hittingthe hay at around 3:30 a.m.
Russians also got upan hour later on International Womens Day, the day for coddlingand celebrating female relatives.
Similarly, Americanslate nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps coincided withthree-day weekends.
Canada got the leastsleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockeyfinal.
The World Cup wasalso a major sleep-deprivation culprit. The worst night for sleepin the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14.Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they wokeup earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, thephenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries inthe summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans,Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a halflater on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup.
It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, its likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if thats the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?
参考答案及分析
61题，定位到第一段最后一句varies byculture，所以答案选AThey areculture-related.
62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的Russian, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day这一句是干扰句，起得晚不肯定睡得早，所以答案推不出他们比其他地方的人睡得更久。然后看到第三段Russiasother late nights and early mornings generally coincided withpublic holidays，所以答案为CThey dont sleep much onholidays。
63题，题干问的是欧洲人缺少睡眠的major cause重要原因是什么，由题干的'大写名词Europeansloss定位到倒数第二段的comparedto Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hourand a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup，原文的Germans, Italians, and theFrench就是题干中Europeans的同义改写，而他们stayed up就是为了to watch theCup，所以说他们缺少睡眠是什么原因便是C选项The World Cup。
64题，问的是富有些人用设施来记录他们的睡眠模式是什么原因。由rich people与device定位到最后一段第一句，定位句只说到了记录的事实，而非其缘由。根据四级阅读金三句原则看到定位句的下一句And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person，记录睡眠的人是想要得到比一般人更多的睡眠，所以答案是BTheywant to get sufficient sleep.
65题，问的是作者在最后一段所表达的看法，定位到最后一句If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 作者提到了health-conscious，大家对健康的意识是缺少的，对健康是视若无睹的，所以答案选BFewpeople really know the importance of sleep.
